2017年年末，《人民日报》针对全球治理的问题分别采访了以下五位在美教授：
Robert Keohane 普林斯顿大学
Robert Daly 威尔逊中心
Douglas Paal 卡内基国际和平基金会
Quansheng Zhao（赵全胜）美利坚大学
Joseph Nye 哈佛大学
其中，赵全胜教授认为中国并不打算将输出“中国模式”作为外交重点，相反，中国更关注国内的发展。这一策略也是中国外交传统的延续。
以下是在《人民日报》上刊登的原文：
Washington (People's Daily) -- As 2017 ends, what happened on the global stage will not fade anytime soon. In a series of retrospective interviews conducted by People’s Daily focusing on global governance, experts shared concerns over the pressure global institutions face, as well as the primary sources of such pressure, namely the increased isolationist policies of the US that will continue through 2018.
Despite long-standing unresolved issues like Afghanistan and Syria issue, which still plague various regions, the world believes that the biggest threat to global order for 2017 was US policy adjustments launched by the Trump administration under the "America first" banner, and created obvious challenges on global governance.
Robert Keohane, professor of international affairs at Princeton University, didn’t hesitate to point out the obvious feature from 2017 in the area of global governance was how international mechanisms are under pressure because of US policies. Keohane lamented how the US wasn’t able to see how disorderly international politics had become, nor were they able to see the opportunities to work with other nations over mutual interests.
Robert Keohane. File Photo: Princeton University
Robert Daly, director of the Kissinger Institute of China and the US at the Wilson Center, said, “The biggest challenges for the development of global governance are the spread of nationalism and protectionism, immigration and diversity, and US indifference under President Trump’s global leadership.”
Daly quoted Charles Dickens’ Christmas Carol to explain the current failure of global governance, “This boy is Ignorance. This girl is Want. Beware them both, and all of their degree, but most of all beware this boy, for on his brow I see that written which is Doom unless the writing is erased.”
Robert Daly. File Photo: Wilson Center
US withdrawal from the Paris agreement and UNESCO, and requesting NAFTA renegotiations, and tighter immigration policies were seen as manifestations of Trump administration isolationist behavior. Today, few believe that the Trump administration is likely to change its tone anytime soon.
In the past year, the only transformative factor in global governance comparable to the changes in US policy was China's quest to advance its global responsibilities. From Davos to Beijing, China continues to support free trade and globalization, and the nation is widely recognized as an important supporter of multilateralism.
Douglas Paal, vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, explained that China’s interests had grown far and wide in recent decades, and it is only natural that “isolation and suspicion of multilateralism no longer fit its reality.”
Paal emphasized, “China’s leaders have articulated responsible intentions and taken a few steps that are indisputably helpful, but observers will watch closely to see how China’s behavior matches its rhetoric in the future.”
Douglas Paal. File Photo: Paulson Institute
China's efforts to exert greater global influence has been viewed by some as a source of friction with the US. Harvard professor Joseph Nye is concerned with what lies ahead.
“We have already seen disruption of the Paris Climate accords. I fear we may see trade disputes between the US and China reaching a level that disrupts our relationship and how the WTO works,” said Nye.
General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee (CPC), Xi Jinping, recently said that the CPC would neither "import" foreign models of development, nor "export" the Chinese model and ask other countries to "copy" Chinese methods. President Xi made the remarks while at the opening ceremony for the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-level Meeting in Beijing.
During his opening address, Xi reiterated how the CPC strives for both the well-being of the Chinese people and human progress. Therefore, rather than doing its own thing, the CPC will create more opportunities for the world by promoting China's development.
Quansheng Zhao. File Photo: American University
American University professor Quansheng Zhao said, “This emphasis to not export the Chinese model, first and foremost, marks a continuation of China's diplomatic tradition. As early as the 1950’s, Premier Zhou Enlai proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, which include the non-interference with the internal affairs of another country.”
Zhao remarked how in recent years, doubts over China’s intentions have not only been reflected in its security issues but also in areas of its thinking. President Xi has explicitly stated that China would not export its model, and will help clarify doubts anyone may have.
“This choice of not being too ambitious is reflected in China’s diplomatic efforts, that is to say, to focus on domestic development,” said Zhao.
Despite the uncertainty that global order currently faces, most scholars agree the China-US relationship is the most important bilateral relationship in the world. Maintaining cooperation between the two nations is crucial to global stability and serves the greater good of the global community.
Joseph Nye. File photo: Harvard Kennedy School
For years, Joseph Nye has urged both China and the US to make better adjustments on their positions to achieve favorable cooperation within the world.
“I have argued that we should spend less time on the so-called Thucydides Trap, and more time thinking about what I call the Kindleberger Trap, named for the MIT economist who blamed the failure to provide global public goods in the 1930’s on the American behavior of free riding. It is essential that China and the US learn from that failure. We must cooperate in the production of global public goods.”
By Hu Zexi
From: People's Daily app 2018-01-01
责任编辑：徐沺
校对：陈俊婕
海外看世界
主编：赵全胜
执行主编：孙太一
编辑团队：陈俊婕 徐沺
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